Sensor-Based Monitoring Parameters: Current Sensor: Monitors the current flowing through the transformer windings. Abnormal current levels can indicate issues. Temperature Sensor: Measures winding temperature. Overheating can lead to insulation degradation. Voltage Sensor: Monitors input and output voltages. Voltage fluctuations affect transformer performance. Oil Flow Sensor: Tracks oil circulation within the transformer. Proper oil flow is crucial for cooling and insulation3. IoT-Based Transformer Health Monitoring: Internet of Things (IoT) technology enables real-time monitoring and data collection. Microcontroller: Connects to sensors (current, sound, temperature) and communicates data. Predictive Maintenance: By analyzing data from connected transformers, predictive algorithms can enhance regular maintenance schedules and reduce unscheduled repair trips during incidents like storms